{"id":2743,"date":"2020-08-30T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-30T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/?p=2743"},"modified":"2023-06-09T16:03:34","modified_gmt":"2023-06-09T16:03:34","slug":"basque-fact-of-the-week-the-first-tourist-guides-of-the-basque-country","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/2020\/08\/30\/basque-fact-of-the-week-the-first-tourist-guides-of-the-basque-country\/","title":{"rendered":"Basque Fact of the Week: The First Tourist Guides of the Basque Country"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tourism accounts for <a href=\"https:\/\/destinationsinternational.org\/industry-reports\/world-travel-tourism-economic-impact-report\">about 10% of the world&#8217;s gross domestic product<\/a>. We all want to experience new things, see new sites, get to know new people. We want to see something new. And, for many of us, the Basque Country is something new. As of 2014, tourism contributed just <a href=\"https:\/\/en.eustat.eus\/elementos\/ele0013100\/ti_Tourisms_contribution_to_the_economy_of_the_Basque_Country_reached_59_in_2014\/not0013181_i.html\">about 6%<\/a> of the Basque Country&#8217;s GDP. Clearly, the Basque Country is a hidden gem that is being discovered by more and more people. Efforts to advertise the sites and sounds of the Basque Country began more than one hundred years ago, in Iparralde.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030-1024x817.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2744\" width=\"365\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030-1024x817.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030-768x613.jpg 768w, https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030-1536x1225.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030.jpg 1561w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Place du Th\u00e9\u00e2tre in Bayonne\/Baiona by Blanche Jeanette Feillet-Hennebutte. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030.jpg\">Wikimedia<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first tourist guides dedicated to the Basque Country were published in the early 1850s, with <em>Pays Basque: Le Guide du voyageur de Bayonne \u00e0 Saint-S\u00e9bastien<\/em> published in 1851 and <em>l\u2019Album des deux fronti\u00e8res<\/em> in 1852. They were published by Charles Hennebutte. These books, which targeted the aristocratic class, featured illustrations by Charles&#8217; wife <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Blanche_Hennebutte-Feillet\">Blanche Jeanette Feillet-Hennebutte<\/a> and her sister <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/H\u00e9l\u00e8ne_Feillet\">H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Feillet<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blanche and H\u00e9l\u00e8ne were the daughters of <a href=\"http:\/\/aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus\/es\/feillet-pierre-jacques\/ar-65048\/\">Pierre Jacques Feillet<\/a>. The two sisters studied under their father and their maternal grandfather, Pernotin. Becoming accomplished painters and lithograph artists, they moved to Baiona in 1834 where they each began making lithographs of the surrounding areas that were featured in Charles&#8217; books. While their lithographs appeal to the &#8220;romantic&#8221; sentiments of their readers, the sisters did incorporate <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aquitaineonline.com\/actualites-en-aquitaine\/euskal-herria\/6162-exposition-feillet-peintres-femmes-pays-basque.html\">a modern perspective<\/a> of their adopted home when they could.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Another promoter of the region was one <a href=\"http:\/\/aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus\/es\/chaho-joseph-augustin\/ar-26887\/\">Joseph Augustin Chaho<\/a>. Born in Atharratze-Sorhol\u00fcze (Tardets), Zuberoa, Chaho is most famous for creating, in 1845, the myth of <a href=\"http:\/\/aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus\/es\/aitor\/ar-18710\/\">Aitor<\/a>, the legendary patriarch of the Basques. He got the idea from the expression &#8220;aitoren (aitonen) semeak&#8221; which meant noblemen, but which he took more literally to mean &#8220;Aitor&#8217;s children,&#8221; and became synonymous with the Basques themselves. He was also the leader of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolution_of_1848\">Revolution of 1848<\/a> in Baiona.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chaho did much to help create a romantic, idyllic view of the Basque Country that guides such as those by Hennebutte sold to tourists. <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=PVlBDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT142&amp;lpg=PT142&amp;dq=%22that+monster+of+inaccuracy+Augustin+Chaho%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=uyNlEOCM9Z&amp;sig=ACfU3U1Vo2mIFPH2f6tt8NfOf0mmXQxIrg&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwj73bbZjLrqAhWGLc0KHdNWBucQ6AEwAHoECAIQAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=%22that%20monster%20of%20inaccuracy%20Augustin%20Chaho%22&amp;f=false\">And not all viewed this transformation positively.<\/a> While before, Basques were often noted for their &#8220;seafaring abilities, love of wine, &#8230; and angry, arrogant disposition,&#8221; the new view promoted, in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Julio_Caro_Baroja\">Julio Caro Baroja<\/a>&#8216;s view, a &#8220;pacific, idyllic creature,&#8221; a transformation that folklorist <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/A_Book_of_the_Basques.html?id=F9dnAAAAMAAJ\">Rodney Gallop<\/a> blamed on &#8220;that monster of inaccuracy Augustin Chaho.&#8221; <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Primary sources: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aquitaineonline.com\/actualites-en-aquitaine\/euskal-herria\/6162-exposition-feillet-peintres-femmes-pays-basque.html\">Aquitaine Online<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patrimoinepaysbasque.com\/2020\/05\/les-premiers-guides-touristiques-du.html?spref=fb&amp;fbclid=IwAR03n_2OAgt65Z4FUuTuc2QCIfa2IkMcQ9geRw3r3Flq-eRGIH1YAwi5ljw\">Patrimoine du Pays Basque<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tourism accounts for about 10% of the world&#8217;s gross domestic product. We all want to experience new things, see new sites, get to know new people. We want to see something new. And, for many of us, the Basque Country is something new. As of 2014, tourism contributed just about 6% of the Basque Country&#8217;s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[836,8],"tags":[2044,2045,1091,2039,2038,2040,2043,2047,2042,2050,2041,2046,2048,180],"class_list":["post-2743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basque-fact-of-the-week","category-euskadi","tag-aitor","tag-aitoren-semeak","tag-baiona","tag-blanche-jeanette-feillet-hennebutte","tag-charles-hennebutte","tag-helene-feillet","tag-joseph-augustin-chaho","tag-julio-caro-baroja","tag-lithographs","tag-pacific-idyllic-creatures","tag-pierre-jacques-feillet","tag-revolution-of-1848","tag-rodney-gallop","tag-tourism"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/Bayonne_-_Place_du_Th\u00e9\u00e2tre_-_Fonds_Ancely_-_B315556101_A_HENNEBUTTE_1_1_030.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2sYNu-If","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2743"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2743\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6401,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2743\/revisions\/6401"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buber.net\/Basque\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}