Maybe Euskara isn’t so weird, maybe English is the weird one?

Picture 1One of the people who follow Buber’s Basque Page on Facebook (thanks Rachel!) sent me this link to a blog post that evaluates the weirdness of languages. I’m not a linguist, so I can’t really comment on their methodology, but it seems that what they’ve done is compared all of the languages that are assessed in the World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS). What WALS does is classify languages based on a number of criteria, including the types of sounds (consonants vs vowels, types of consonants, etc), the number of genders, the types of articles, and how tenses are created (for a full list of the categories and how Basque fits, see this page). What Idibon did was compare all of the categorized languages in 21 of these categories and determine which ones deviated the most from the average and which ones did not.

What is very surprising is that, in this measure, Basque is not at all that odd. It has properties that are very common across languages. It ranks in the top 10 of least weird languages. In contrast, languages like Spanish, Dutch, German, and English rank high in the weirdness index. It seems that some of the most spoken languages in the world are also some of the weirdest, in terms of their structural properties.

This is pretty surprising, to me at least. However, it does conform to the idea that Basque isn’t necessarily hard, it is just hard for an English speaker, because it is so different.

Hella Basque is Hella Blog

Writing a blog, putting posts out there on a regular basis, requires dedication. Writing a blog that pulls in readers and engages them requires charm and wit. Hella Basque has both. Billed as “youthful musings on Basque American culture and community,” Hella Basque is the work of Anne Marie, a young Basque-American who has been immersed into Basque-American culture for many years and is now pouring out those years into a blog that is both insightful and a delight to read. Hella Basque has posted about the band Amuma Says No, the Top 5 Things Not to Say to a Girl’s Aita (I will have to note these down for the very distant future when my little girl gets to that age),  and You Know You’re Basque American When… (which has been shared many times on Facebook), among other topics.

Hella Basque has only been posting for a few weeks, but the writing and the choice of topics makes it a top choice among Basque blogs. I highly recommend it!

Big Basque News: Basque World Heritage Site and .eus Basque Internet Domain

Two big news items related to Basques this week.

redbay20nw1First, long time contributor David Cox, who also happens to be Canadian (we don’t hold that against him), sent this article about the possibility of the Red Bay National Historic Site in Labrador becoming a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Canadian Officials are currently lobbying UNESCO to make that site, and another in Canada, World Heritage Sites. Red Bay is home to a 16th century Basque outpost on the eastern coast of Canada. Drawn initially by cod, it seems, the Basque sailors found whales as well and setup the site to process the whales. The site has been excavated and a cemetery, a number of ships both large and small, and processing stations. The article points out that the establishment of this processing center in Canada marked the beginning of commercial whaling and that establishing it as a World Heritage Site would indicate “that the story of the Basque Whaling in Red Bay is a story that should be protected and presented for all humanity.” To get a feel for what it might have been like for Basques living in Labrador in the 1500s, check out the Last Will and Testament of Juan Martinez de Larrume.

logo_enSecond, as some of you may now, there has been an effort for quite some time now to get a top-level domain (think .net, .com, .edu, .es) on the internet for things Basque. I’ve featured a link in the top right corner of my page to the group that is advancing this cause, The PuntuEus Foundation. A couple of weeks back, ICANN, the organization that decides these things, approved the creation of the .eus domain. Now, there is a corner of the web dedicated to things Basque. If a site ends in .eus, you will know it is Basque related. Having a domain like .eus will aid groups in promoting Basque culture and language. Thanks to Pedro Oiarzabal for pointing this out to me. Zorionak PuntuEus!

Marraskiloak: Christmas Snails

journal.pone.0065792.g002My wife sent me this interesting article about the migration of snails to Ireland. The article, which summaries this study in PLOS ONE, concludes that a specific species of snails made its way from the Eastern Pyrenees to Ireland maybe 8000 years ago. Granted, today, the eastern part of the Pyrenees is not Basque — it is Catalan — but 8000 years ago, who knows for sure. Likely, there was some Basque influence in the region, or at least proto-Basque influence, as described in this Wikipedia article. One might conclude, then, that somehow Basques, or proto-Basques, brought snails from the Pyrenees to Ireland as they explored and maybe settled Ireland. Maybe snails have something to tell us about the wanderings of prehistoric Europeans.

This, of course, brought to mind a story about snails. I first visited the Basque Country, during the 1991-92 school year as a student in Donostia. snailsSo, this was my first Christmas away from home and my dad’s family — his sister, her husband, and two kids — invited me to join them in Peñíscola for the holidays. Having nothing else to do, I of course said yes. In preparation, we went into the hills outside of Ermua and collected marraskiloak — snails. It seems that snails, cooked in a tomato-based sauce, is a Christmas tradition, at least with my dad’s family, if not more widely. We took the snails with us to Peñíscola and, on the big day, my aunt prepared them, much like in the photo (swiped from this site). To eat the snails, you grabbed a shell and dug out the “meat” (I’m not really sure I want to use that word in association with snails, but I guess that’s what it technically is…) with a toothpick. You then plopped the “meat” into your mouth, chewed it up, and went for another.

Now, I don’t really recall how they tasted — it’s been over 20 years — but I do remember that as I was eating them, I ate one that tasted funny, even for a snail. Compared to the others, it just tasted off. However, not knowing better, I ate it and continued on to a few more. It wasn’t long before my stomach was rebelling against me, and not simply for eating snails in the first place. That one snail exacted revenge on my poor Americanized tummy for it and all of its comrades that had been sacrificed for our Christmas meal. Or maybe it was for dragging its ancestors to cold Ireland.

Needless to say, that was the last batch of snails I’ve had the pleasure of trying.

Thoughts on Longmire: Death Came in Like Thunder

longmire-death-thunder-1-tx_On June 10th, A&E broadcast the episode of Longmire that features the crew dealing with a Basque community in Wyoming, Death Came in Like Thunder. For those who missed it but are interested in seeing it, you can catch it on A&E’s website.

The plot centers around the murder of a Basque sheepherder, the grandson of Basques who lost the rest of their family in the bombing of Gernika. While investigating the murder, the cast of Longmire visit a Basque festival, in progress, and the scene that a bunch of Basques (and non-Basques) were recruited to lend authenticity — you can read about the actual filming experience here. They later find one of the sheepherders, brother of the dead man, in the mountains tending sheep and then go to the home of third brother. Throughout, various references to Basques are made with varying degrees of accuracy.

Overall, given the difficulty of both cramming in as much Basqueness as possible while still staying true to history, I felt they did an admirable job. They had the sheepherder and his dog featured in the beginning of the episode, with the herder sporting a big black beret. The star, Walt, tells Vic, the sidekick, that the Basques came to Wyoming to escape World War II. This is the first inaccuracy, as the reason Basques left Euskadi are more varied and more complex, but Basques in Spain weren’t directly affected by WWII. The Spanish Civil War, on the other hand, would have been more accurate. But, there were Basques in them thar hills before the war. And most of the Basques in Wyoming, I believe, are from the French side, so maybe they could have been escaping WWII, in principle. This didn’t bother me too much, actually, as it isn’t a documentary, but one character giving his explanation. As in real life, and as is true of many Basques themselves, he can be wrong. While investigating the cabin of the dead herder, they find a postcard of Picasso’s Guernica. Thinking on the date, Walt realizes that today is the day of St. Ignacio and there is a Basque festival (never mind that St. Ignacio’s feast day is in July and this episode is supposed to take place in the spring…).

longmire-death-thunder-5-tx_The festival is an interesting mix of both big, Jaialdi-style festivals with booths for food, sport, nicknacks, and alcohol, but with a very small festival feel. They have the Basque colors everywhere and some traditional dress (the crew made the costumes for the women dancers). There really isn’t any dancing though — the dancers carry a hoop around but there is no dancing. I guess there wasn’t time for it. There are traditional sports: tug-of-war and orga jokoa, a game in which men lift wagons and turn them as much as they can. The filming showed relatively small guys lifting what were supposed to be 400 lb weights into the wagons. That didn’t make the cut, presumably because they realized there is no way the little guys could do that. Walt and Vic approach one of the food booths and Walt eats what is implied to be a longmire-death-thunder-9-tx_Rocky Mountain Oyster (in reality it was a meatball). I haven’t ever seen one of those at a festival (though I have in my parents’ fridge) but it isn’t the kind of thing I would seek out either. Otherwise, the scene has people wandering, talking, drinking, and having fun, much like any real festival. The sausages were far from chorizo, but no one could see them anyways (you can barely make out that dashing cook preparing that fine fare). I thought they did a nice job with the festival.

longmire-death-thunder-29-tx_Next we find Walt and Vic in the mountains, confronting one of the brothers. Of particular note here are the aspens with the arboglyphs, a well-documented feature of the Basque presence in the western mountains (though I think many cultures carved images into the trees). The herder describes how the arboglyphs recount their family’s history with the land and how the timber company wants to take their land and trees. (Here, my father-in-law, a former logger, pointed out that timber companies don’t want aspens, they are useless as lumber.)

This brother thinks the timbermen killed his brother so he fights them and gets arrested. While in jail, he describes how his grandparents’ families were killed in the bombing of Gernika. Walt then stares at the postcard of Guernica and recounts a poem by Norman Rosten, made into a song by Joan Baez, which has the phrase “death came in as thunder while they were playing” — hence the title of the episode. He then goes on to state how the Basques would always look someone in the eye when killing them, an odd reference indeed.

longmire-death-thunder-30-tx_The final glimpse into the Basques occurs when Walt and Vic go to the third brother’s home. There is a painting on the wall, a painting that was done by a friend in Santa Fe. But, there isn’t too much said about the Basques in this scene.

One last thing is worth noting. The two living brothers refer to the dead brother as “basati”, which means wild or savage in Batua. Not sure if anyone would use it in the context of calling their brother crazy or wild. Anyone know?

So, in the end, things weren’t perfect. Some things they got off a bit, particularly with the motivation for the festival, but, that said, I thought it was an overall very nice portrayal of Basque-Americans. It was refreshing to have a positive spin on Basques, even if it was at the expense of those evil timbermen (sorry Dave!), as opposed to crazy jumping warriors or the stereotypical terrorist. Of course, the time of the Basque sheepherder is nearing its end. Most sheepherders are now from South America, often from Peru (at least in the Treasure Valley of Idaho). Though Basques are still involved in the industry, they have often moved up the ladder and own the outfits. Still, this was a positive portrayal, one that I’m proud to have been a part of.

In addition to the photos in this post, I’ve put a gallery of some other screen captures from the episode here.

 

 

Mark Bieter interviews Lehendakari Urkullu

inigo_urkullu-haMark Bieter is a Basque-American originally from Idaho who finds himself in Washington DC. He keeps a blog that touches pretty much any and all topics (Taylor Swift, really?), including many on the Basques and the Basque culture. Not only is Mark a very good writer, making each blog post interesting and intriguing, but he has some great insights and connections as well. His latest Basque-related blog, posted way back in early May (I just can’t keep up with things sometimes), is an interview with the current Basque Lenendakari (President), Inigo Urkullu.

The Basque Country held elections back in October, elections in which the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), which had been the party that held the presidency of the Basque Parliament ever since it was formed in the 1980s, retook that position after having lost it in the last election cycle, for the first time, to the Socialist Party. Inigo Urkullu, a former teacher, was elected president of the parliament and now has the task of guiding the Basque government through the economic crisis in Europe as well as past the legacy of ETA.

In this interview, Lehendakari Urkullu touches on the foreign policy goals of his government, the impact of the crisis on the Basque Country, the connections to other independence movements in Europe, and the importance of the Basque diaspora to the present and future of Euskadi. A true politician, however, he doesn’t take sides in the crucial question of Athletic vs Real Sociedad… They always seem to evade the hard questions.

If you aren’t reading Mark’s blog, I highly recommend it, both for the pleasure of reading such great writing and for the perspective on a variety of topics. Thanks for sharing with all of us, Mark!

iLike Bilbao… do you?

When I first visited the Basque Country, back in 1991, one of the things that was immediately very clear was the rivalry between Bilbao and Donostia. Donostia was the elegant city with the beautiful beaches. Bilbao was the industrial powerhouse that had suffered for that industry, with a dirty river and generally unappealing character.

Since that time, I’ve gone back to the Basque Country every 3-4 years and the transformation of Bilbao has been dramatic. The river is cleaned up with a very nice walk the hugs the river. The downtown, while always charming, has become more vibrant. And, with the Guggenheim, clearly Bilbao is more of a tourist destination than it ever was before.

So, I like Bilbao. I like Donostia too. To me, they are opposite sides of the coin, with very different feels and things to offer.

To help you the next time you visit Bilbao, there is now an app called “Guia iLike Bilbao“, for Android, that will let you get around Bilbao, on your own, and discover the best Bilbao has to offer. It seems that much of the information is also on the website, but that doesn’t help as much as you wander the back streets of a big city. The app will give you the history, the sites, the best places for food and drink, and much more.

If anyone uses this app to tour Bilbao, let me know what you thought!

guia.bilbao

Basque Cheese featured on The Splendid Table/The Perennial Plate

header_logoA colleague sent me this link for The Splendid Table, where they featured a story from The Perennial Plate, which follows Daniel Klein and Mirra Fine as they travel the world to explore how people eat and how their food is made. The most recent episode took them to Spain, where they made a stop in the Basque Country to delve into the world of Basque cheese, specifically Idiazabal (which, incidentally, is not all that far from where my mom’s grandfather grew up in Mutiloa). They encounter a sheepherder and partake of some wonderful cheese. The video has some great shots of food in the Basque Country, from a sagardotegi to pintxos to the cheese. There is also an accompanying blog post by Mirra Fine that describes her experience as a vegetarian at the restaurant Etxebarri — to sum it up, she found what must be one of the few vegetarian oases in the Basque Country (you can just ask my wife, my brother, and his wife, who had a very difficult time eating in the Basque Country — how many times can you eat mushrooms?).

Basque_CheeseThis all brought to mind two anecdotes involving Basque cheese… The first involved my first-ever trip to the Basque Country, when I was about 20. I lived in Donostia for a year and would visit my dad’s family on the weekends. His aunt lives in the mountains above Munitibar, where she and her family still lived in an old caserio and had their own band of sheep. As I was preparing to leave, after a year of learning Euskara (not well) and learning about the Basque Country (hopefully better), to return to the United States, she insisted that I take two wheels of cheese back home. This was in 1991, when it was still very difficult (maybe nearly impossible) to get foods directly from Spain, and this cheese was certainly not pasteurized. I was pretty naive about the ways of Customs and this was also before the days of the TSA, so I dutifully wrapped the cheeses in plastic grocery bags, stuffed them in my suitcase, and away I went. I never mentioned them on the customs form (not even sure if I checked that I’d been on a farm). Through the gates at Customs I went without nary a glance and dutifully delivered the cheeses to my dad. I think the only consequence of my small act of smuggling (does this count as smuggling?) was that my suitcase and the clothes in it smelled pretty badly.

So, now, turn the clock forward about 15 years and it is the first trip to the Basque Country for my brothers and my mother. The whole family is there, including my dad, my future wife, and my brother’s wife. We end up at this same caserio. We walk into the caserio, through the “barn door” into the area where they used to keep animals, and hanging right there is a freshly skinned lamb. Having a contingent of vegetarians, we quickly make our way to the kitchen where there is a humongous fresh wheel of cheese. But the smell from the fresh meet in the “foyer” is pretty strong. As my dad talks with his aunt, we are all watching out the window and see her daughter  bringing up a band of sheep next to the caserio and she begins to milk them. My fiance jumps up and says “I want to try that!” We make our way back outside where she gets a crash course in how to milk sheep (you milk them from behind so you have to be careful they don’t kick). She had to fight off a lamb, who also wanted back there, pushing it away with her knee. When she was done, she licked her finger, saying it was delicious. While she says that she genuinely wanted to try milking the sheep, I suspect that she also wanted to get out into the fresh air. 🙂

A few links to share

logo_bsgOk, so maybe this isn’t a common problem, but if you are hosting a Basque-themed party, you might be at a loss for finding those party favors and decorations that have that Basque touch to them. BSG Baiona has you covered! They have toothpicks with Basque flags, Basque flag banners, and much more. Some nice items for your kitchen table as well. Though, I’m not sure they ship across the ocean…

Screen shot 2013-03-16 at 9.31.15 PMAnother thing that is hard to find is paraphernalia for Euskal Selekzioa — the Basque Selection or the Basque “national” team. Kukuxumusu has some great shirts for supporting the team, including what looks to be the official jersey. Plus, their rendition of the Basque coat-of-arms is simply cool! Something I might have to add to a Christmas wish list…

Here is a nice video that showcases Basque speakers in the United States. It’s about 30 minutes long and consists entirely of Basques talking in Euskara with each other in the United States, along with commentary from a Basque narrator (this is a documentary that is aimed towards Basques in the Basque Country to learn something more about the survival of the Basque culture and language in the United States).

And here is a great video featuring the group Hinka, performing their song Begira. The music features, amongst other things, an alboka. Some great music! I couldn’t find a website for the group itself, but this Youtube clip is just great!

Garbiñe Candina & Lucía Timpanaro are teachers in the Basque Country who are developing materials to help teach Basque. This Youtube clip shows one of their efforts. This might be useful for kids trying to learn some Basque vocabulary?

The Trey McIntyre Project, another serendipitous Basque encounter

arrantza1Santa Fe is certainly not the center of Basque culture. However, it is enough of an art town that one is continuously surprised. We’ve had Basque poets, dancers, txalaparta players, and more grace the area, even though the number of Basques that are truly interested in these things is rather small. And so it was with the Trey McIntyre Project (TMP) performance at the Lensic Theater.

To be fair, the TMP performance was not only Basque related. There were three different acts, with the last being the ballet Arrantza, commissioned in support of the Basque Museum and Cultural Center in Boise. Now, I’ll admit, I’m not much of a dance guy. Ballet of any form doesn’t do much for me, and modern ballet probably even less so. But, it is a rare opportunity to see anything Basque in Santa Fe, so we took advantage.

arrantza2Arrantza was interesting in that the dance wasn’t only to music, but to interviews of Basques of various stripes recounting tales of their lives in the old country. And while there were certainly modern interpretive dance steps, there were enough based on Basque folk dancing that I recognized, and reminded me of friends who spent many more years doing Basque dance than I ever did. It was an emotional performance, evoking both the Basque culture of Idaho but also of Euskal Herria itself. If it comes to your area, I would highly recommend it.

As we were leaving, I recognized Alicia, who had been a co-extra on the Longmire set. In an odd sequence of serendipitous events, her parents were with her, including Dave Lachiondo, the current director of the Basque Studies Program at Boise State University and one of the editors of the new Basque studies journal Boga. Even more amazingly, one of their companions was an old work colleague of my wife’s from her time at Hewlett-Packard, a man who is now on the Board of Directors of TMP. It is truly a very small world! We were able to catch up with all of them and even meet a few of the dancers. It was a very exciting and special night. Sometimes, you never know what will come to town, and what it will bring with it!