Today in Basque History: Prince of Peru, Fashion

1561-03-231561: Lope de Aguirre, born in Onate, Gipuzkoa, and his men proclaim “Don Fernando, by the grace of God, prince of Peru, Tierra Firma and Chile,” intending to crown him king once they arrive in Peru. Fernando de Guzman is made general of the expedition — searching for Omagua and El Dorado — after Aguirre disposes of Pedro de Ursua, the original leader of the expedition.  The document in which this is proclaimed is referred to as the First Act of Independence of America.

According to Aunamendi, it was Fernando de Guzman who was proclaimed Prince of Peru, but a number of English language sites, including Wikipedia, state it was Aguirre himself who was proclaimed Prince.

1972-03-231972: Cristobal Balenciaga Eizagurrie, fashion designer born in Getaria, dies.  Balenciaga became world-reknowned after he is forced by the Spanish Civil War to move to Paris, where among other achievements, he totally transformed the silhouette, broadening the shoulders and removing the waist.

Books: Estimated Time of Arrest by Delphine Pontvieux and The Lone Man by Bernardo Atxaga

Two men, both with connections to militants in their past.  Both trying to start new lives.  Both pulled back into their past, altering their futures forever.

That is about where the similarities between Delphine Pontvieux’s ETA — Estimated Time of Arrest and Bernardo Atxaga’s The Lone Man end.  While The Lone Man is a psychologically thriller, ETA is an action-packed adventure ride.  Both take you on a roller coaster of suspense and end up leaving you satisfied and hungry for more.

atxaga-lone-manCarlos of The Lone Man is an ex-member of ETA, having been sent to jail for his role in the death of an industrialist he had kidnapped.  After the death of Franco, he had been given amnesty and, along with other ex-militants, created a new life near Barcelona where they own a hotel.  He is drawn back into the militant world when he is asked to hide two fugitive members of ETA.

The protaganist of Estimated Time of Arrest, on the other hand, was never a member of ETA.  Lartaun was involved in the kale barroka, or the street fight, but was wrongfully accused of a bombing that killed a police officer.  He fled to Mexico where he was in exile for two years, before being offered a chance to return to Europe with a new identity, in exchange for a favor for his boyhood friend, Patxi, who is deeply involved in ETA.  That favor, however, proves to be more than he can handle, especially when he falls for Faustine, a woman who lives in the commune where he takes cover.

The Lone Man opens slowly, and the entire novel is from Carlos’ perspective, delving deep into his thoughts and his psyche.  He has done things in his past that he is not proud of and those things haunt him.  At the same time, he is somewhat paranoid, given the circumstances of his hiding the two ETA members, though, it turns out, with good reason.  He tries to find a way to extracate himself from the situation before everything he and his friends have worked for in building their new life.  The ending is almost surreal, with it being very unclear what actually happens and what is just happening in Carlos’ mind.  It makes for an odd, but very emotional, ending to the novel.

pontvieux-etaEstimated Time of Arrest is essentially the opposite.  While Lartaun is the primary protaganist, the plot follows a number of characters that are involved.  It is high-octane action, pitting Lartaun and his girlfriend Faustine against the police against Patxi and his crew as they all race against all odds to the final confrontation with Patxi and his plans for a big event to shake Spanish politics.  While the motivations of the characters are explored to some extent, the real drivers here are the plot and the setting — the fact that this takes place in and near Euskadi is always central to the novel.  Pontvieux uses every chance to explore the Basques and their homeland and present them to the reader.

In some sense, then, these two novels are opposite sides of the same coin.  The Lone Man really focuses on the man, the ex-ETA member, what goes on his head and how he tries to live with the things he has done.  Estimated Time of Arrest, on the other hand, delves into the actions of militants like Carlos used to be and how someone like Lartaun can get caught up into things beyond his control and, to some sense, against his wishes.  In that sense, they are a nice compliment to one another and, taken together, they present an interesting perspective of the militant struggles occurring in the Basque Country.

It should be noted that neither novel tries to justify the violence that occurs and has occurred in Euskal Herria.  Rather, they try to delve into why that violence occurs, what pushes people to that extreme, without condoning it.  The terrorists are not portrayed sympathetically, but neither are they black and white evil characters.  They are people who have found themselves in a position where they saw no other recourse.  Again, the point isn’t to justify or condone, but to understand.

Both novels where highly enjoyable, though Estimated Time of Arrest, being an action thriller, is a certainly lighter reading than The Lone Man.  The later novel is more a psychological thriller and as such gets a bit surreal at times.  However, both are highly recommended.

Estimated Time of Arrest and The Lone Man can be purchased on Amazon.  More information about Estimated Time of Arrest can be found on Miss Nyet Publishing’s website.  You can learn more about Bernardo Atxaga and his work at his official website.

Census-Let them know you are Basque!

From Joe Guerricabeitia of Seattle Euskal Etxea — I thought it worth sharing:

Kaixo danori (Hello everyone),

This email is being sent to you to serve as reminder to remember your heritage as you sit down to fill out your 2010 US Census. As in censuses past, this year’s census asks both about 1) Ethnicity and 2) Race. As has been the case in the past the US government convolutes “Spaniards” with “Hispanics” even though any History, Chicano Studies, or Spanish student (like myself) would tell you is technically incorrect. That being the case the ethnicity question specifically asks if one considers themself Hispanic but then allows for a selection of “Hispanic, other” which is a broad category that includes “Spaniards” and allows for a fill-in-the-blank where “Basque” can be written. Even for our brothers and sisters from across the border in France this seems like the best way to articulate being Basque (certainly not a perfect system). In fact this seems to be the only way. Race then refers to ones “social and cultural characteristics” which by the US census definition describes Basque ancestry as “White” (see below).

It is important to fill out the Census accurately and completely because it is the most database of information for demographics of age, sex, ethnicity, race etc that is drawn from every time in the next year that any US federal, state or local agency requires such data as well as many non-governmental agencies. As one Professor put it, “…an accurate count of the U.S. population forms the basis for many important but often overlooked political, economic, and social decisions that are made that end up affecting our daily lives.” — C.N. Le, Professor at University of Massachusetts, Amherst-from http://2010.census.gov/2010census/why/index.php Accessed 03/18/10

For more information on the 2010 Census check out:

The US Census Bureau
http://2010.census.gov/2010census/how/interactive-form.php

and for more information on definitions and the Census in general check out the Wiki page at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census

  • White. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. It includes people who indicate their race as “White” or report entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Near Easterner, Arab, or Polish.”[9]

Eskerrik asko,

Joe

Interview with Mikel Morris, part II: Overcoming millennia of fudging along

Mikel Morris, an American with dual US/Spanish nationality living in Zarautz, Spain, has written the definitive Basque-English dictionary and is currently working on the Morris Magnum which promises to be the largest bilingual Basque dictionary in existence.

In the first part of this interview, Mikel shared his thoughts and hard-hitting observations on
the status of the Basque language, the efforts the Basque government is making to promote Euskara, and his own tribulations in getting his dictionary published.

In this part 2, Mikel describes how difficult it has been for him to work within the Basque system, his views of the future of the Basque language and the bright spots in the current efforts to promote the Basque language, and gives an update on the status of the second edition of his Magnum dictionary.

Recital by Amaya Arberas, Soprano, tonight!

QUEEN SOFIA SPANISH INSTITUTE cordially invites you to a recital by

Amaya Arberas, Soprano

accompanied by
Antón Armendariz, Tenor
Ana Ruth Bermúdez, Cello
&
David Shenton, Piano

Wednesday, March 3, 2010 at 6:00 p.m.

Amaya Arberas began her professional career in 2002, performing recitals throughout her native Basque Country as a lyric coloratura soprano. She has studied musical language and piano at the San Sebastián High School of Music and Ancient Music at the University of Salamanca, where she also received her Master’s in Social Work. During 2006 she performed in numerous recitals commemorating the 250th anniversary of Mozart’s birth, as well as in a recital of opera and zarzuela in San Sebastián and in Segovia. Amaya came to New York in 2005 to take classes in song, repertoire and diction with eminent teachers such as Dodi Protero, Diana Soviero, Beth Roberts and Joan Dornemann. In 2007 she was selected by the prestigious IVAI (International Vocal Arts Institute) as an active member to collaborate on various projects in operas. She has also performed several concerts of arias and zarzuelas at Queen Sofía Spanish Institute. Last year the IVAI selected Amaya to participate in numerous opera productions in Caguas, Puerto Rico. She performed as a soloist with the symphonic orchestra of Puerto Rico conducted by Paul Nadler of the New York Metropolitan Opera.

Tenor Anton Armendariz began his career in 2002 in Spain singing in the Coral Santa Maria de la Redonda as the baritone soloist. As the baritone soloist of “RiojaLirica,” he has performed many concerts, recitals and full stage operas, (L’elisir d’amore. Dulcamara; Le nozze di Figaro. Figaro; Don Giovanni. Leporello; Don Pascuale. Don Pascuale). He is currently the soloist of the Coro Sinfónico de La Rioja, in Logroño (north Spain). In 2008, after several master classes he discovered he was a tenor, and has been working to solidify this new register. Since his debut as an opera singer he has always been recognized for his powerful and visceral acting. He has been noted for his clear and bright voice and also for his natural musicality and his purity of tone. After the concert “El vino en la opera” local newspaper La Rioja said of him “He played the two difficult parts of Macbeth brindisi, and Duet Nemorino-Dulcamara with knowledge and good technique making a brilliant performing”. All media in his area of working emphasizes his style warm voice and zealous in his singing. He studies a wide range of the barroco arias and Spanish zarzuela and Spanish camera music (Lorca, Montselvatge, Falla, Chueca, Chapi…). He currently studies with Beth Roberts and Christian Sebek in New York City.

Ana Ruth Bermúadez. A sought-after soloist, recitalist and pedagogue, she studied at the Tchaikovsky Conservatory of Moscow and graduated in Cello Performance from Amadeo Roldan Conservatory of Music and the Instituto Superior de Arte de La Habana, Cuba. Her solo and chamber music appearances have led her to play in Cuba, Russia, Spain, Venezuela, Brazil, Mexico, England, and in the USA, where she has resided since 2000. In addition to her several recordings of contemporary music, she has recorded for television, theater, radio and cinema in Cuba, Spain, Venezuela, and USA. Among others, she has played with the Moscow International Orchestra, and the Havana Chamber Orchestra, of which she was artistic director from 1991 to 1993. She founded and is a member of the Duo Roldán, with Cuban guitarist René Izquierdo.

A committed teacher, Ana R. Bermúdez taught at Escuela Nacional de Música and at the Instituto Superior de Arte in Havana, Cuba, and at the Simon Bolivar Conservatory of Music and the Instituto Universitario de Estudios Musicales in Caracas, Venezuela. Currently, she teaches at Wisconsin Conservatory of Music and at Alverno College, and is a member of the Skylight Opera Theater.

David Shenton has established an enviable reputation as a pianist, composer, violinist and arranger. He is the composer of 5 musicals (Tart, Barsong, Creole Nights, Anna the Storyteller and Avarice), all of which have premièred in New York. He is also the composer of more than 120 original works including everything from short piano pieces to full scale orchestral works (David composed his first piece, Grande Valse for Piano, at age 9 and his first symphony at age 12). Equally at home on the violin or the piano, David performed his first violin concerto (Bach E major) with orchestra at age 14 and his first piano concerto (Chopin F minor) at age 15. From 1993 to 1997 David studied at the Royal College of Music in London, from which he graduated with highest honors.

$10.00 for members/ $15.00 for non-members

Please R.S.V.P. to 212-628-0420 or rsvp@queensofiasi.org

Altxor Bila by David Cox: Gernika – a history in music

David Cox is a frequent contributor to Buber’s Basque Page. Today marks his first article in a new column entitled Altxor Bila (Looking for Treasure), inspired by a Pirritx eta Porrotx song.  This series will examine various aspects of Basque music, from current bands to musical history.  Ongi Etorri David!

ab.100206.aA few years ago, I got an e-mail from one Johannes of Pforzheim, Germany, asking whether I knew of any musicians from the city of Gernika, Bizkaia.  He and his class were planning to visit their twinned city, and he was working on a project and looking for contacts or help.

As it happened I had spent a little time in Gernika, and knew of two great bands with roots in that city: Gatibu and Ken Zazpi, two of the most dynamic groups working in the Basque Country today and singing in Euskera, and was able to point him in this direction.

Gernika-Lumo, as it is officially known, is at the head of the Mundaka estuary and the centre of the geographically significant Urdaibai region. It has a famous farmers’market and, across the railway tracks, large blocks of industrial land. Most importantly, it has the sacred oak tree and the parliament house. This city, which is known around the world and honoured by all Basques, has a prominence all out of proportion to its size. It also has a proud musical history.

Continue reading

Torta de San Blas!

IMAG0234It is that time of year again!  Time to celebrate the fiesta of San Blas, or Saint Blaise!  In the Basque Country (and maybe elsewhere), Feb 3, the fiesta of San Blas, is celebrated with a special cake.  In towns like Abadiño, Bizkaia, where the day is one of the town’s festival days, you’ll find this cake everywhere. Txapitela, who sends out notices of Basque news and events, sent me a recipe for the cake which I’m sharing here. Enjoy!

TORTA DE SAN BLAS / CAKE OF SAN BLAS

For the dough:

  • 500 or 600 grams of flour
  • 4 whole eggs, minus one egg white
  • 50 or 75 grams of drawn butter
  • 9 tablespoons of sugar (200/250 grams)
  • 1 packet of baking powder (16 grams)
  • 9-12 drops of essence of anis

For the frosting:

  • 1 egg white
  • 125/175 grams of confectioner’s sugar
  • 3 or 4 drops of lemon juice

Beat the eggs like for making tortilla, add the sugar.

Melt the butter in a water bath, add and continue beating.

Add essence of anis, flour, and royal.

Kneed well the dough, making a ball.  Roll with a rolling pin and give the dough shape, making 1 or 2 cakes.

Put in the oven for 25/30 minutes at 190º Celsius (375 F).

While the cake is cooking:

Beat the egg white with the confectioner’s sugar and lemon.

Put it in a water bath so that it continues heating.

Pour on top of the hot cake and let it cool.

Note, I have to admit that I don’t like anis myself, so these cakes were never my favorite, but maybe with the recipe, I can tweak it to make it something else, like vanilla or something.

The image is from a photo on Picasaweb by victor at the Escuela Cocina Bilbao.

Hidden in Plain Sight: the Basques

basque-exhibit-menAs many of you might already know, the Boise Basque Museum and Cultural Center, with help from the Basque Government, has been working on a project to highlight the Basques’ contributions to the history and settlement of the United States.  I’ve received a number of recent messages updating me on the status of the project, which is that the exhibit is now on display at the Boise Basque Museum and will soon move to the Ellis Island National Monument Museum.

Entitled “Hidden in Plain Sight: the Basques“, the exhibit will be at Ellis Island from February to May.  It will return to Boise for Jaialdi and will become a feature exhibit at the Basque Museum in Boise.  In the words of the website, the exhibit explores the language, customs, traditions and values of the Basque people as well as the allure that America held for them. Hidden in Plain Sight will recount the compelling historical journey of the of Basque men, women and children who immigrated in the early 20th Century from the Basque regions of France and Spain to the United States.

The exhibit aims to both recognize and demonstrate the history of Basques throughout the United States.  The Basques have played a large role in many areas, but their actions have often been in the background, hidden if you will.  The exhibit hopes to show the greater populace the part the Basques have played in shaping the US.

If you are interested in contributing to the project, there is a form for doing so on the website.